Scientific law as a branch of Russian law
Research Article
How to Cite
Vasiliev A.A. Scientific law as a branch of Russian law. Science Management: Theory and Practice. 2020. Vol. 2. No. 4. P. 52-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.4.3 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The paper puts forward the thesis that there are preconditions for the formation of scientific law as a branch of Russian law. The author examines approaches to the sectoral nature of the legal norms regulating relations in the field of scientific activity. Special attention is paid to the subject and method of scientific law as classical criteria for the separation of branches of law. The article substantiates the need for a theoretical and methodological substantiation of scientific law, doctrinal understanding of the problems of legal regulation of science in a knowledge society. The successful scientific and technological development of Russia determines the existence of an adequate system of legal regulation of scientific activity.
Keywords:
science, innovations, scientific law, scientific and technological progress, branch of law, method of legal regulation
References
1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 01.12.2016 No 642 «O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 01.12.2016 No. 642 “On the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”]. (2016). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. 2016. December 5. No. 49. Art. 6887. (In Russ.).
2. Gabov, A. V., Putilo, N. V. and Gutnikov, O. V. (2017). Proekt federal’nogo zakona o nauke – novyi format pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti [The draft federal law on science – a new format of legal regulation of scientific and innovative activities]. Bulletin of Perm University. Legal sciences. Iss. 38. Pp. 385–399. (In Russ.).
3. Gribanov, D. V. (2011). Izmeneniya v Federal’nyi zakon «O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike» [Changes to the federal law “On science and state scientific and technical policy”]. Russian legal journal. No. 6. Pp. 156–166. (In Russ.).
4. Lapaeva, V. V. (2005). Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke: istoriya formirovaniya i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science: history of formation and development prospects]. Journal of Russian Law. No. 11. Pp. 3–14. (In Russ.).
5. Berg, L. N. (2014). Osnovnye ehtapy rossiiskoi pravovoi politiki v sfere nauchnoi deyatel’nosti [The main stages of the Russian legal policy in the field of scientific activity]. Politics and society. No. 10. Pp. 1155–1160. (In Russ.).
6. Otchet o nauchno-issledovatel’skoi rabote po teme «Osnovnye napravleniya sovershenstvovaniya pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti» [The research report is published on the website of the State Duma of the Russian Federation]. State Duma of the Russian Federation. URL: http://pda.iam.duma.gov.ru/node/10/4960/19955 (accessed 21.05.2018). (In Russ.).
7. Salitskaya, E. A. (2015). Zakonodatel’noe regulirovanie nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti: opyt sub”ektov RF [Legislative regulation of scientific and innovative activities: the experience of the subjects of the Russian Federation]. Management of science and scientometrics. Pp. 111–137. (In Russ.).
8. Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke. Sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science. Current state and development prospects] (2004). Ed. by V. V. Lapaeva. Moscow: Norma. (In Russ.).
9. Berg, L. N. (2015). Problemy zakonodatel’nogo obespecheniya nauchnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii [Problems of legislative support of scientific activity in Russia]. Actual problems of Russian law. No. 1. P. 4. (In Russ.).
10. Tretyak, N. V. (2015). Pravovoe regulirovanie nauchnoi deyatel’nosti: problemy i puti resheniya [Legal regulation of scientific activity: problems and solutions]. Journal of foreign legislation and comparative jurisprudence. No. 3. Pp. 363–366. (In Russ.).
11. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 15.03.2000 No 511 (red. ot 28.06.2005) «O klassifikatore pravovykh aktov» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 03.15.2000 No. 511 (as amended on June 28, 2005) “On the classifier of legal acts”]. (2005). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. 2000. March 20. No. 12. Art. 1260. (In Russ.).
12. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 16.12.1993 No 2171 «Ob obshchepravovom klassifikatore otraslei zakonodatel’stva» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 16.12.1993 No. 2171 “On the General Legal Classifier of the Branches of Legislation”]. (1997). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. January 6. No. 1. Art. 119. (invalidated). (In Russ.).
13. Stepin, V. S. (2006). Filosofiya nauki. Obshchie problemy [Philosophy of Science. Common problems]. Moscow: Gardariki publ. 384 p. (In Russ.).
14. Chernikova, I. V. (2012). Priroda nauki i kriterii nauchnosti [The nature of science and criteria of scientific character]. Humanitarian vector. No. 3. P. 94. (In Russ.).
15. Chernikova, I. V. (2011). Filosofiya i istoriya nauki [Philosophy and history of science]. Tomsk: NTL Publishing House. 388 p. (In Russ.).
16. Rekomendaciya YUNESKO 2017 «V otnoshenii nauchnoj deyatel’nosti i nauchnykh rabotnikov» [UNESCO Recommendation 2017 “Concerning Scientific Activities and Scientific Workers”]. (2018). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. General Conference Records. Vol. 1. Resolution. 39th session. Paris: UNESCO, 2018. P. 143.
17. Mezhdunarodnye normativnye akty YUNESKO [International normative acts of UNESCO]. (1993). Moscow: Logos publ. 639 p. (In Russ.).
18. Murzin, D. V. (2019). Problemy pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoj deyatel’nosti kak deyatel’nosti tvorcheskoj [Problems of legal regulation of scientific activity as creative activity]. Russian legal journal. No. 4. Pp. 167–175. (In Russ.).
19. Murzin, D. V. (2019). Pravovaya priroda rezul’tatov nauchnoj deyatel’nosti [The legal nature of the results of scientific activity]. Russian law: education, practice and science. No. 2. P. 15. (In Russ.).
20. Gorodov, O. A. (2008). Pravovaya innovatika. Pravovoe regulirovanie innovacionnoj deyatel’nosti [Legal innovation. Legal regulation of innovation]. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University Publishing House. 408 p. (In Russ.).
21. Federal’nyi zakon ot 23.08.1996 No 127-FZ (red. ot 31.07.2020) «O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike» [Federal Law of 23.08.1996 No. 127-FZ (as amended on 31.07.2020) “On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”]. (1996). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. August 26. No. 35. Art. 4137. (In Russ.).
22. Gribanov, D. V. (2013). Pravovye osnovy formirovaniya innovatsionnykh sistem: monografiya [Legal bases of formation of innovative systems: monograph]. Yekaterinburg: Ural State Law Academy publ. 296 p. (In Russ.).
23. Didikin, A. B. (2014). Pravovoe regulirovanie innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii. Monografiya [Legal regulation of innovative activity in Russia. Monograph]. Novosibirsk: IPL SB RAS. 186 p. (In Russ.).
24. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona «O nauchnoi, nauchno-tekhnicheskoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Draft Federal law “On scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities in the Russian Federation”]. Siberian Branch of the RAS. URL: https://www.sbras.ru/files/news/docs/proekt_nnovatsionnaya.pdf (accessed 02.10.2020). (In Russ.).
25. Federal’nyi zakon ot 21.07.2011 No 254-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenii v Federal’nyi zakon “O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike”» [Federal Law of 21.07.2011 No. 254-FZ “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”]. (2011). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. No. 30 (part 1). July 25. Art. 4602. (In Russ.).
26. Upravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskim progressom [Management of scientific and technical progress] (1978). Moscow: Economika. 207 p. (In Russ.).
27. Berg, L. N. (2015). Problemy zakonodatel’nogo obespecheniya nauchnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii [Problems of legislative support of scientific activity in Russia]. Actual problems of Russian law. 2015. No. 1. P. 8. (In Russ.).
28. Savchenko, D. A. (2020). Mekhanizm pravovoi okhrany nauchnykh otnoshenii: osnovnye elementy [The mechanism of legal protection of scientific relations: basic elements]. Russian-Asian legal journal. No. 2. P. 28. (In Russ.).
29. Alekseev, S. S. (1975). Struktura sovetskogo prava [The structure of Soviet law]. Moscow: Yuridicheskaya literatura. 264 p. (In Russ.).
30. Fed’kin, G. I. (1958). Pravovye voprosy organizatsii nauchnoi raboty v SSSR [Legal issues of the organization of scientific work in the USSR]. Moscow: Gosyurizdat publ., 1958. Pp. 340–349. (In Russ.).
31. Dozortsev, V. A. and Zenin, I. A. (1973). Organizatsionno-pravovye voprosy rukovodstva naukoi v SSSR [Organizational and legal issues of science management in the USSR]. Moscow: Nauka publ. 423 p. (In Russ.).
32. Ring, M. P. (1972). Pravovoe regulirovanie nauchno-tekhnicheskogo progressa [Legal regulation of scientific and technological progress]. Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo. No. 2. Pp. 111–121. (In Russ.).
33. Krasavchikov, O. A. (2005). Kategorii nauki grazhdanskogo prava. Izbrannye trudy [Categories of science of civil law. Selected Works]. In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Moscow: Status. Pp. 474–475. (In Russ.).
34. Fil, M. M. (2019). Zakonoproekty dlya nauki: istoriya i sovremennost’ [Bills for Science: History and Modernity]. Science Management: Theory and Practice. Vol. 1. No. 2. Pp. 59–69. https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2019.1.2.3 (In Russ.).
35. Kashkin, S. Yu. (2018). Stanovlenie prava nauka kak novoi kompleksnoi otrasli prava [Formation of law science as a new complex branch of law]. Bulletin of the University of O.E. Kutafina. No. 5. P. 20. (In Russ.).
36. Lapaeva, V. V. (2005). Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke: istoriya formirovaniya i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science: history of formation and development prospects]. Journal of Russian Law. No. 11. Pp. 3–14. (In Russ.).
37. Kruglyi stol po obsuzhdeniyu proekta Federal’nogo zakona «O nauchnoi i nauchno-tekhnicheskoi deyatel’nosti» [Round table discussion on the project of the Federal Law on science and scientific activity]. (2019). Science Management: Theory and Practice. Vol. 1. No. 1. Pp. 13–50. (In Russ.).
38. Anichkin, E. S. (2019). Formation of supranational scientific law as a branch of public international law. Russian-Asian legal journal. No. 2. P. 54. (In Russ.).
2. Gabov, A. V., Putilo, N. V. and Gutnikov, O. V. (2017). Proekt federal’nogo zakona o nauke – novyi format pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti [The draft federal law on science – a new format of legal regulation of scientific and innovative activities]. Bulletin of Perm University. Legal sciences. Iss. 38. Pp. 385–399. (In Russ.).
3. Gribanov, D. V. (2011). Izmeneniya v Federal’nyi zakon «O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike» [Changes to the federal law “On science and state scientific and technical policy”]. Russian legal journal. No. 6. Pp. 156–166. (In Russ.).
4. Lapaeva, V. V. (2005). Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke: istoriya formirovaniya i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science: history of formation and development prospects]. Journal of Russian Law. No. 11. Pp. 3–14. (In Russ.).
5. Berg, L. N. (2014). Osnovnye ehtapy rossiiskoi pravovoi politiki v sfere nauchnoi deyatel’nosti [The main stages of the Russian legal policy in the field of scientific activity]. Politics and society. No. 10. Pp. 1155–1160. (In Russ.).
6. Otchet o nauchno-issledovatel’skoi rabote po teme «Osnovnye napravleniya sovershenstvovaniya pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti» [The research report is published on the website of the State Duma of the Russian Federation]. State Duma of the Russian Federation. URL: http://pda.iam.duma.gov.ru/node/10/4960/19955 (accessed 21.05.2018). (In Russ.).
7. Salitskaya, E. A. (2015). Zakonodatel’noe regulirovanie nauchnoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti: opyt sub”ektov RF [Legislative regulation of scientific and innovative activities: the experience of the subjects of the Russian Federation]. Management of science and scientometrics. Pp. 111–137. (In Russ.).
8. Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke. Sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science. Current state and development prospects] (2004). Ed. by V. V. Lapaeva. Moscow: Norma. (In Russ.).
9. Berg, L. N. (2015). Problemy zakonodatel’nogo obespecheniya nauchnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii [Problems of legislative support of scientific activity in Russia]. Actual problems of Russian law. No. 1. P. 4. (In Russ.).
10. Tretyak, N. V. (2015). Pravovoe regulirovanie nauchnoi deyatel’nosti: problemy i puti resheniya [Legal regulation of scientific activity: problems and solutions]. Journal of foreign legislation and comparative jurisprudence. No. 3. Pp. 363–366. (In Russ.).
11. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 15.03.2000 No 511 (red. ot 28.06.2005) «O klassifikatore pravovykh aktov» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 03.15.2000 No. 511 (as amended on June 28, 2005) “On the classifier of legal acts”]. (2005). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. 2000. March 20. No. 12. Art. 1260. (In Russ.).
12. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 16.12.1993 No 2171 «Ob obshchepravovom klassifikatore otraslei zakonodatel’stva» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 16.12.1993 No. 2171 “On the General Legal Classifier of the Branches of Legislation”]. (1997). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. January 6. No. 1. Art. 119. (invalidated). (In Russ.).
13. Stepin, V. S. (2006). Filosofiya nauki. Obshchie problemy [Philosophy of Science. Common problems]. Moscow: Gardariki publ. 384 p. (In Russ.).
14. Chernikova, I. V. (2012). Priroda nauki i kriterii nauchnosti [The nature of science and criteria of scientific character]. Humanitarian vector. No. 3. P. 94. (In Russ.).
15. Chernikova, I. V. (2011). Filosofiya i istoriya nauki [Philosophy and history of science]. Tomsk: NTL Publishing House. 388 p. (In Russ.).
16. Rekomendaciya YUNESKO 2017 «V otnoshenii nauchnoj deyatel’nosti i nauchnykh rabotnikov» [UNESCO Recommendation 2017 “Concerning Scientific Activities and Scientific Workers”]. (2018). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. General Conference Records. Vol. 1. Resolution. 39th session. Paris: UNESCO, 2018. P. 143.
17. Mezhdunarodnye normativnye akty YUNESKO [International normative acts of UNESCO]. (1993). Moscow: Logos publ. 639 p. (In Russ.).
18. Murzin, D. V. (2019). Problemy pravovogo regulirovaniya nauchnoj deyatel’nosti kak deyatel’nosti tvorcheskoj [Problems of legal regulation of scientific activity as creative activity]. Russian legal journal. No. 4. Pp. 167–175. (In Russ.).
19. Murzin, D. V. (2019). Pravovaya priroda rezul’tatov nauchnoj deyatel’nosti [The legal nature of the results of scientific activity]. Russian law: education, practice and science. No. 2. P. 15. (In Russ.).
20. Gorodov, O. A. (2008). Pravovaya innovatika. Pravovoe regulirovanie innovacionnoj deyatel’nosti [Legal innovation. Legal regulation of innovation]. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University Publishing House. 408 p. (In Russ.).
21. Federal’nyi zakon ot 23.08.1996 No 127-FZ (red. ot 31.07.2020) «O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike» [Federal Law of 23.08.1996 No. 127-FZ (as amended on 31.07.2020) “On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”]. (1996). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. August 26. No. 35. Art. 4137. (In Russ.).
22. Gribanov, D. V. (2013). Pravovye osnovy formirovaniya innovatsionnykh sistem: monografiya [Legal bases of formation of innovative systems: monograph]. Yekaterinburg: Ural State Law Academy publ. 296 p. (In Russ.).
23. Didikin, A. B. (2014). Pravovoe regulirovanie innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii. Monografiya [Legal regulation of innovative activity in Russia. Monograph]. Novosibirsk: IPL SB RAS. 186 p. (In Russ.).
24. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona «O nauchnoi, nauchno-tekhnicheskoi i innovatsionnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Draft Federal law “On scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities in the Russian Federation”]. Siberian Branch of the RAS. URL: https://www.sbras.ru/files/news/docs/proekt_nnovatsionnaya.pdf (accessed 02.10.2020). (In Russ.).
25. Federal’nyi zakon ot 21.07.2011 No 254-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenii v Federal’nyi zakon “O nauke i gosudarstvennoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi politike”» [Federal Law of 21.07.2011 No. 254-FZ “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”]. (2011). Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. No. 30 (part 1). July 25. Art. 4602. (In Russ.).
26. Upravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskim progressom [Management of scientific and technical progress] (1978). Moscow: Economika. 207 p. (In Russ.).
27. Berg, L. N. (2015). Problemy zakonodatel’nogo obespecheniya nauchnoi deyatel’nosti v Rossii [Problems of legislative support of scientific activity in Russia]. Actual problems of Russian law. 2015. No. 1. P. 8. (In Russ.).
28. Savchenko, D. A. (2020). Mekhanizm pravovoi okhrany nauchnykh otnoshenii: osnovnye elementy [The mechanism of legal protection of scientific relations: basic elements]. Russian-Asian legal journal. No. 2. P. 28. (In Russ.).
29. Alekseev, S. S. (1975). Struktura sovetskogo prava [The structure of Soviet law]. Moscow: Yuridicheskaya literatura. 264 p. (In Russ.).
30. Fed’kin, G. I. (1958). Pravovye voprosy organizatsii nauchnoi raboty v SSSR [Legal issues of the organization of scientific work in the USSR]. Moscow: Gosyurizdat publ., 1958. Pp. 340–349. (In Russ.).
31. Dozortsev, V. A. and Zenin, I. A. (1973). Organizatsionno-pravovye voprosy rukovodstva naukoi v SSSR [Organizational and legal issues of science management in the USSR]. Moscow: Nauka publ. 423 p. (In Russ.).
32. Ring, M. P. (1972). Pravovoe regulirovanie nauchno-tekhnicheskogo progressa [Legal regulation of scientific and technological progress]. Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo. No. 2. Pp. 111–121. (In Russ.).
33. Krasavchikov, O. A. (2005). Kategorii nauki grazhdanskogo prava. Izbrannye trudy [Categories of science of civil law. Selected Works]. In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Moscow: Status. Pp. 474–475. (In Russ.).
34. Fil, M. M. (2019). Zakonoproekty dlya nauki: istoriya i sovremennost’ [Bills for Science: History and Modernity]. Science Management: Theory and Practice. Vol. 1. No. 2. Pp. 59–69. https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2019.1.2.3 (In Russ.).
35. Kashkin, S. Yu. (2018). Stanovlenie prava nauka kak novoi kompleksnoi otrasli prava [Formation of law science as a new complex branch of law]. Bulletin of the University of O.E. Kutafina. No. 5. P. 20. (In Russ.).
36. Lapaeva, V. V. (2005). Zakonodatel’stvo o nauke: istoriya formirovaniya i perspektivy razvitiya [Legislation on science: history of formation and development prospects]. Journal of Russian Law. No. 11. Pp. 3–14. (In Russ.).
37. Kruglyi stol po obsuzhdeniyu proekta Federal’nogo zakona «O nauchnoi i nauchno-tekhnicheskoi deyatel’nosti» [Round table discussion on the project of the Federal Law on science and scientific activity]. (2019). Science Management: Theory and Practice. Vol. 1. No. 1. Pp. 13–50. (In Russ.).
38. Anichkin, E. S. (2019). Formation of supranational scientific law as a branch of public international law. Russian-Asian legal journal. No. 2. P. 54. (In Russ.).
Article
Received: 17.09.2020
Accepted: 23.12.2020
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Vasiliev, A. A. (2020). Scientific law as a branch of Russian law. Science Management: Theory and Practice, 2(4), 52-70. https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.4.3
Section
Normative legal framework of science
